Revista SAN

Vol 20. N°4. 2019 | Octubre-Diciembre de 2019

REVISIÓN - FÁRMACOS Y NUTRICIÓN

REVISIÓN DE LOS FÁRMACOS MÁS USADOS EN OBESIDAD A NIVEL MUNDIAL

Autores: RAÚL SANDRO MURRAY, MARTA A. SÁNCHEZ, CESAR CASÁVOLA, PABLO LÓPEZ SCHIMPF, ANA L. CASCÚ, FRANCISCO A. D'ONOFRIO

RESUMEN

La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica multifactorial que favorece la aparición de enfermedades asociadas (diabetes tipo 2, hipertensión arterial, dislipidemia, enfermedades cardiovasculares, algunos tipos de cánceres), altera la calidad de vida en general (emocional, social, económica, etc.) y produce una mayor mortalidad global. La obesidad (y sus complicaciones) es uno de los tres principales factores, junto con el tabaquismo y el alcoholismo que generan gran impacto económico. En Argentina, desde hace mucho tiempo, los fármacos para el tratamiento de la obesidad lo emplea un gran número de médicos que, en muchas ocasiones, no tiene la capacitación adecuada en la utilización y prescripción de estos medicamentos, lo cual genera un uso imprudente, abusivo y riesgoso para la salud. En Argentina existe la Guía de Práctica Clínica en Obesidad, desarrollada por el Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. El Grupo de Trabajo Fármacos y Nutrición de la Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición (SAN) realizó una revisión de las principales drogas y combinaciones existentes a nivel mundial para que los profesionales de la salud cuenten con una referencia científca actualizada al momento de la elección criteriosa de las mismas.

PALABRAS CLAVE: obesidad; fármacos; terapéutica.

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REVIEW OF MOST WORLWIDE USED DRUGS FOR OBESITY

SUMMARY

Obesity is a multifactorial disease which contribute the occurrence of associated diseases (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipemia, cardiovascular diseases, some types of cancer) leading to a defcient quality of life and greater overall mortality. Obesity and its complications is one of the three main factors, together with smoking and alcoholism, which generate great economic impact. In Argentina, drugs for the treatment of obesity have been used for a long time by many physicians, who often do not have an adequate training in the prescription of these drugs, creating reckless, abusive, and risky use. There is a Guide to Clinical Practice in Obesity in the Argentine Republic, developed by the Ministry of Health. The Working Group on Drugs and Nutrition of the Argentine Nutrition Society (SAN) conducted a review of the main drugs and combinations existing around the world, so that health professionals have a scientifc reference at the time of the careful selection of them.

Key words: obesity; drugs; therapeutics.

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